What is the basic unit of life?
The cell is the basic unit of life because it is the smallest structure capable of performing all the functions necessary for life.
Which structure contains the cell's genetic material?
The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material, including DNA, which holds the instructions for the cell's functions and reproduction.
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it generates most of the cell's supply of ATP, used as a source of chemical energy.
What is the primary function of ribosomes?
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where genetic instructions are translated to build proteins.
Which structure is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins?
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste?
Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
What is the fluid-filled region inside the cell called?
The cytoplasm is the fluid-filled region inside the cell where various organelles are embedded and most cellular activities occur.
Which structure controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining the internal environment.
What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.
Which part of the cell is responsible for maintaining its shape and internal organization?
The cytoskeleton maintains the cell's shape, secures some organelles in specific positions, and allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell.
What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
Which cell structure is unique to plant cells and provides structural support?
The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells and is unique to them.
Which structure within the nucleus is responsible for producing ribosomal RNA?
The nucleolus is responsible for producing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling ribosomes.
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane controls the entry and exit of substances, maintaining homeostasis within the cell.
Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
The mitochondrion is responsible for cellular respiration, producing ATP through oxidative metabolism.
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism, detoxification, and calcium ion storage.
Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of ATP?
The mitochondrion is involved in the synthesis of ATP through cellular respiration.
Which structure provides rigidity and protection to plant cells?
The cell wall provides rigidity and protection to plant cells, helping them maintain their shape.
Which organelle is responsible for storing and modifying proteins before they are sent to their destinations?
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or use within the cell.
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where it is used to synthesize proteins.
Which organelle contains chlorophyll and conducts photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis due to the presence of ribosomes on its surface.
Which structure in plant cells is responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products?
The central vacuole in plant cells is responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products, and it plays a key role in maintaining cell turgor pressure.
What are the thread-like structures that carry genetic information in the nucleus called?
Chromosomes are thread-like structures that carry genetic information in the form of genes.